Ransom said:
FSSL said:
If the atonement was not limited in its efficacy, then everyone is going to heaven.
Which is why you cannot consistently hold to a general atonement
and a genuinely substitutionary one.
I was unable to respond to something you raised here before this thread took some odd twists and turns, but I wanted to try to bring it back up.
I think what you've stated highlights a real problem with the Penal Substitutionary Atonement Theory, in that as you say it more or less requires a limited atonement in order to avoid universalism.
But PNA also has a sort of a bizarre logic to it when you break it down and also runs into a problem with what we know of the nature of God's forgiveness.
The logic PNA (which I held for a long time, so don't accuse me of constructing a straw man) goes something like this:
(1) Man is sinful
(2) Sin must be punished
(3) Jesus was punished instead of (some) men with his death on the cross
(4) Those for whom Jesus paid the price are released from the punishment of their sin.
[correct me if I've been unfair here]
The logical problem with this goes to the question why? Why must sin be punished? Is God bound by a system of justice that is greater than he is? Not to mention the fact that normally PNA doesn't work. Can I volunteer to go to jail for the bank robber, or the drug dealer who was sentenced in court yesterday?
But of course, sin doesn't have to be punished. We're told in Scripture that in addition to sinning against God, we sin against each other. And we're commanded to forgive freely.
So if I my friend lies to me, I don't get to punish him for it before I offer forgiveness. I certainly don't get to punish some innocent third party before I offer forgiveness. Rather, I'm called to forgive freely.
Likewise, we're taught by Our Lord that this is how God forgives. "Forgive us our trespasses,
as we forgive those who trespass against us." If we are not to require payment in exchange for our forgiveness, than neither does God.
No, there must be (and are) other, better explanations for what Christ accomplished at Calvary.